How to Assess Different Types of Pigmentation Spots?

Pigmentation refers to discoloration of the skin caused by an accumulation or lack of melanin, the pigment that determines the color of our skin, hair, and eyes. There are various types of pigmentation, including:

• Hyperpigmentation:This is an excessive accumulation of melanin, resulting in dark spots or areas. Examples include:

  • Melasma: Brownish spots, often caused by hormonal fluctuations.

    
    

    

    Melasma

    
    

  • Sunspots: Caused by prolonged exposure to UV rays.

    
    

    

    Zonnevlekken op de hand

    
    

  • Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH): Occurs after skin injuries such as acne or wounds.

    
    

    

    Post-inflammatoire pigmentatie

    
    

Hypopigmentation:This is a lack of melanin, leading to lighter patches on the skin. Examples include:

• Vitiligo: White patches caused by an autoimmune disorder.

• Pityriasis Alba: Light, flaky patches often seen in children.

• Pigmentation Disorders: This category includes conditions such as albinism, a genetic disorder where there is little to no melanin production.

  
  

Assessing pigmentation spots requires understanding their characteristics, causes, and patterns of discoloration. The treatment for pigmentation depends on its cause and can range from using creams and serums to advanced techniques like chemical peels, laser therapy, or IPL (Intense Pulsed Light). Professional advice is essential to determine the best approach.